CU affirms commitment to free speech and academic freedom

The University of Colorado Board of Regents on Friday affirmed the university’s longstanding commitment to free speech and clarified the difference between academic freedom and freedom of expression in a vote to revise its Laws and Policies.

During its meeting at the CU Anschutz Medical Campus, the board approved additions and refinements to its Laws and Policies that enact broad protections for both freedom of expression and academic freedom, while clarifying the responsibilities of members of the university community when events occur on the campus, when discussions occur in classroom and in the pursuit of knowledge and research.

The move came after more than a year of work that was part of a comprehensive review of Regent Laws and Policies. Faculty, staff and student groups collaborated with the Board of Regents during the process, offered improvements that were incorporated into the final documents and endorsed the result.

The vote was unanimous.

“The university needs to be a place where we debate ideas with respect and rigor, and this makes clear where the university stands,” said Regent Stephen Ludwig. “We’re in a better place.”

The revisions recognize for the first time that faculty and students have academic freedom and also balance their respective rights and responsibilities. The Board of Regents has long recognized a broad definition of academic freedom that encompasses faculty members’ ability to teach truth as the faculty member sees it within disciplinary standards. New provisions recognize that, while faculty members have the ability to direct the course of classroom discussions, students have the ability to raise questions and take reasoned exception to the views and data presented by others.

While the university has always been subject to the First Amendment, the revisions also spell out how speakers and events occur on campus. The policies address freedom of expression separately from academic freedom because of the need to distinguish what happens in the classroom (academic freedom) and what happens in people’s private lives and on forums around campus (freedom of expression). While encouraging expression across the campuses on all matters of social and political significance, the policy also works to ensure a safe educational environment.

“The university exists for no greater purpose than to have students challenge their beliefs. What’s taught in the university today is reflected in our society tomorrow,” said Regent Heidi Ganahl. “Everyone in this community – students, faculty, staff – are doing things and not just talking about them.”

The new policies are consistent with Colorado’s Senate Bill 62 and the U.S. Constitution, said Patrick O’Rourke, CU’s general counsel. Senate Bill 62, passed in the 2018 legislative session, ensures that free speech can occur in public spaces on campuses, prohibits universities from confining expression to “free speech zones” and allows universities to enact viewpoint neutral rules to guard against disruptions to the learning environment.

“The changes affirm the university’s commitment to being a place where both free speech and academic freedom are valued, supported and protected,” O’Rourke said. “Universities should be places where ideas are explored.”

While the Board of Regents has been revising its laws and policies for more than a year, the amendments dealing with academic freedom and freedom of expression come at a time when many universities across the nation have faced challenges to how they promote both free speech and a respectful learning environment.

Higher education traditionally identifies academic freedom and freedom as expression as fundamental. Without these freedoms, a university cannot meet its mission, but sometimes an environment that places a premium upon them allows faculty and students to express views that some consider unorthodox, insulting or offensive. At the same time, members of the university community value diverse and inclusive learning environments, and they expect universities to promote a culture of respect and civility.

O’Rourke said supporting free expression and supporting an inclusive environment are not mutually exclusive, and that the revisions to CU’s policies create a framework that allows them to co-exist.

Click here for FAQs on academic freedom and free speech.

CU Boulder on Friday also launched a Free Expression website, which serves as a clearinghouse for students, faculty and staff about policies, speakers and values related to free expression.

In other business at Friday’s Board of Regents meeting:

• The board approved a slate of changes to Article and Policy 5, all of which pertain to faculty. Among the changes is an expansion of the notice required when a program is discontinued, which will include formal notice to all instructional, clinical and research faculty with at least a 0.5 FTE. Michael Lightner, vice president for academic affairs, who leads the review of academic policies, and Joanne Addison, chair of Faculty Council, both spoke positively of the collaboration between faculty and administration during the ongoing review of regent laws and policies. “People’s opinions have been respected,” Lightner told the board. Click here to see more on policy changes that took effect Friday.

• Todd Saliman, vice president chief financial officer, reported to the regents the overall cost of employee pay raises to the university. The regents in June had approved a 3 percent merit pool for faculty and exempt employees, and the state had mandated a 3 percent cost-of-living increase for classified staff. The total dollar amount increases include:

• Faculty merit increases, $7,901,723 among 2,758 faculty (400 faculty received a salary reduction or no increase)
• Exempt merit increases: $12,858,981 among 5,446 employees (910 received no salary increase)
• Classified increases: $2,881,165 among 2,127 staff members (two staff received a one-time payment instead of a base-building increase)